Wines; spirits; liqueurs; cocktails; alcoholic extracts; alcoholic essences; alcoholic carbonates; carbonated and non-carbonated alcoholic beverages containing fruit; alcoholic beverages containing vegetables; mixtures containing any of the aforesaid; preparations for making any of the aforesaid.

Entertainment; entertainment services; discotheque services; night club services; dance club services; provision of live entertainment and recorded entertainment; entertainment services provided at nightclubs; club entertainment services; provision of facilities for dancing; organisation of dancing competitions.

Provision of food and drink; restaurant, self-services restaurant, snack bar, bar, cafe, brasserie, public house and catering services; hotel, motel and accommodation services and reservation and booking services thereto; holiday camp services; creche and childcare services; information services for each of the aforesaid.

Sports massage;Massage;Massage and therapeutic shiatsu massage;Massage services;Deep tissue massage;Foot massage services;Health care relating to therapeutic massage;Information relating to massage;Nutrition and dietetic consultancy;Nutrition consultancy;Nutrition counseling;Nutritional advice;Nutritional advisory and consultation services;Nutritional advisory services;Nutritional guidance;Advice relating to nutrition;Advisory services relating to nutrition;Consultancy in the field of nutrition;Consultancy relating to nutrition;Consultancy services in the field of nutrition;Consultancy services relating to nutrition;Dietary and nutritional guidance;Food nutrition consultation;Guidance on nutrition;Information relating to nutrition;Providing information relating to dietary and nutritional guidance;Providing nutritional information about food;Provision of information relating to nutrition.

Precious metals and their alloys; jewellery, precious stones; horological and chronometric instruments; key rings; watches; clocks. .

Paper, cardboard; printed matter; bookbinding material; photographs; stationery; adhesives for stationery or household purposes; artists' materials; paint brushes; typewriters and office requisites (except furniture); instructional and teaching material (except apparatus); plastic materials for packaging (not included in other classes); printers' type; printing blocks; posters; albums; tickets; memo blocks (stationery); drawing pads; painting pads; books and pads for sheet music; notebooks; postcards; catalogues; envelopes; inserts; newspapers; books; booklets; periodicals; journals (magazines); blueprints; musical scores; music manuals; advertisement boards of paper or cardboard; publications; printed publications, particularly musical publications; engravings; lithographed works of art; lithographs; framed or unframed paintings (pictures); pictures; graphic prints; drawing instruments; pencils; pens; rubber erasers; rubber erasers; pencil sharpeners; bookmarks; bookends; postage stamps.

Leather and imitations of leather; animal skins, hides; trunks and travelling bags; umbrellas and parasols; walking sticks; whips, harness and saddlery; leather wallets; leather purses; overnight bags; work bags; handbags; shopping bags; tote bags; cloth bags; garment bags; flight bags; kit bags; wheeled bags; canvas bags; courier bags; record bags; shoulder bags; boot bags; toiletry bags; cosmetic bags; school bags; leather bags; evening bags; beach bags; duffel bags; gym bags; clutch bags. .

Clothing; footwear; headgear. .

Games, toys and playthings; video game apparatus; gymnastic and sporting articles; decorations for Christmas trees; apparatus for boxing; apparatus for playing skill games; apparatus for playing sports; apparatus for skiing; apparatus for use in the game of football; archery implements; artificial Christmas trees and Christmas tree stands; backgammon games; bags adapted for carrying sporting articles; bags especially designed for ski and surfboards; bags specially adapted for sports equipment; balloons; balls; balls being sporting articles; balls for games; balls for use in sports; balls including tennis balls, tennis rackets, squash rackets and related goods and accessories in this class; baseball masks; batons for cheering squad; bats; bats for sport; bats for sports; board games; body protectors; body-building apparatus; body-building apparatus sporting articles for use in racquet games; body-building apparatus/body-training apparatus/rehabilitation apparatus (body-); breast protectors; camouflage screens [sports articles]; card games; cases adapted for carrying sporting apparatus; checkers; chess; Christmas decorations; christmas tree stands; Christmas trees of synthetic material; coin-operated gaming equipment; computer games; confetti; cricket bags; dart mats; darts; elbow guards (sport articles); electronic games; exercise equipment; fairground ride apparatus; fish hooks; fishing apparatus and articles; fishing tackle; fist guards [sporting articles]; fitness equipment; fitness exercise machines; football gloves; football or soccer goals; game chips; games; games adapted for use with television receivers; games apparatus; games relating to skill gaming; games relating to sport; gloves for sporting purposes [specifically adapted for]; goal nets; goal posts; golf bags, with or without wheels; golf mats; gymnastic and sporting articles and apparatus; hand exercisers; hand exercisers [other than for therapeutic use]; hand held electronic games; hand protectors adapted for sporting use; handheld and portable devices for gaming; hip-guards specially made for playing sports [parts of sports suits]; inflatables in the nature of soccer balls, footballs, basketballs, volleyballs, inflatable balls for sports; in-line skates; jigsaw puzzles; kaleidoscopes; knee guards [sports articles]; knee protectors adapted for use whilst playing sports; knee protectors for use when participating in sports; leg guards adapted for playing sport; shin pads [sports articles]; military figurines [toys]; novelties; novelties for parties, dances [party favours]; paddling pools; paper party hats.; parts and fittings for apparatus for skiing; parts and fittings for games and playthings; parts and fittings for the aforesaid goods.; physical exercises (Machines for -); plastic tracks; play tents; playground equipment; playing cards; playthings; roller skates; sailboards; scratch cards for playing lottery; shin guards for athletic use; skateboards; surfboards; snowboards; skis; skates; skill games; skill gaming chips; skill gaming equipment; snooker balls and cues; snooker tables; soccer ball goal nets; soft toys; souvenirs; sporting articles; sporting articles for use in boxing, gymnastics, indoor and field athletics, and for use in playing the games of badminton, squash, hockey, ice hockey, football, lacrosse, fives, table tennis, netball, bowls, lawn tennis, cricket, croquet, clock golf, golf, quoits, discs and putting golf, water polo, bowling, volleyball, sports similar to hockey, sports including the use of a ball; clubs for golf and polo; sporting articles for use in playing football [other than clothing or articles for protective purposes] football or soccer goals; sporting articles for use in racquet games; sporting articles for wear adapted for use in specific sports; sporting articles including articles and accessories for the games of tennis, squash, table tennis, softball, golf, badminton, volleyball, basketball, baseball, ice hockey and hockey; sports bags; sports equipment and accessories; sports gloves; stationary exercise bicycles; stomach protectors [adapted for use in a specific sport]; string materials for sporting racquets; sweat-absorbent bands for rackets; swimming pools [play articles]; tennis nets and posts; tennis thermal bags; toy bicycles; toy glow sticks; toy miniature figurines, artificial Christmas trees and Christmas tree stands; toy trucks; toys and games; training apparatus for use in relation to football; whistles; wrist guards for athletic use; parts, fittings and components for all the aforesaid goods.

Business management of performing artists; artistic and cultural business management services and advice; advertising services and marketing; dissemination of advertisements; publication of advertising texts; rental of advertising space; rental of advertising time on all communication media; organization of exhibitions for commercial or advertising purposes; production of advertising films and/or videos; sales promotion of goods and services for others; commercial administration of the licensing of the goods and services of others; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of apparatus for recording, transmission or reproduction of sound or images, magnetic data carriers, recording discs, compact discs, DVDs and other digital recording media, data processing equipment, computers, computer software, pre-recorded audio tapes, discs and cassettes, video tapes, discs and cassettes, digital audio and audio video tapes and discs, CDs, DVDs, laser discs, and phonograph records featuring music and entertainment; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of theatrical and musical sound and video recordings, downloadable ring tones, music, mp3s, graphics, games, images and videos for wireless communication devices, radios for vehicles, portable CD players, audio cassette players, digital audio players, laser disc players and DVD players, amplifiers, handheld digital electronic devices for recording, organizing, transmitting, receiving, manipulating, playing and reviewing text, data, images; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of audio and video files, hands-free devices for mobile phones, personal stereos, multimedia personal stereos, audio recording media players, video recording media players, audio-video recording media players, multimedia players, computer file players, radios, digital tablets, portable telephones, headphones and earphones, headphones, in-ear headphones, audio receivers, audio recording media, visual recording media; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of audio-visual recording media, pre-recorded multimedia media, USB flash drives, pre-recorded and blank data media, downloadable music files, downloadable image files, recording disks, compact disks, digital disks, game software, computer programs (downloadable software), software applications downloadable on mobile telephones and digital tablets; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of cases adapted for mobile telephones, electronic publications downloadable, downloadable sheet music, downloadable electronic databases, downloadable written, audio, visual, audiovisual documents; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of precious metals and their alloys, jewellery, precious stones, horological and chronometric instruments, key rings, watches, clocks; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of paper, cardboard, printed matter, bookbinding material, photographs, stationery, adhesives for stationery or household purposes, artists' materials; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of precious metals and their alloys, jewellery, precious stones, horological and chronometric instruments, key rings, watches, clocks; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of paper, cardboard, printed matter, bookbinding material, photographs, stationery, adhesives for stationery or household purposes, artists' materials, paint brushes, typewriters and office requisites (except furniture), instructional and teaching material (except apparatus), plastic materials for packaging, printers' type, printing blocks, posters, albums, tickets; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of typewriters and office requisites (except furniture), instructional and teaching material (except apparatus), plastic materials for packaging, printers' type, printing blocks, posters, albums, tickets; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of memo blocks (stationery), drawing pads, painting pads, books and pads for sheet music, notebooks, postcards, catalogues, envelopes, inserts, newspapers, books, booklets, periodicals, journals (magazines), blueprints, musical scores; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of advertisement boards of paper or cardboard, publications, printed publications, particularly musical publications, engravings, lithographed works of art, lithographs, framed or unframed paintings (pictures), pictures, graphic prints, drawing instruments, pencils, pens, rubber erasers, pencil sharpeners, bookmarks, bookends, postage stamps; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of leather and imitations of leather, animal skins, hides, trunks and travelling bags, umbrellas and parasols, walking sticks, whips, harness and saddlery, leather wallets, leather purses; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of overnight bags, work bags, handbags, shopping bags, tote bags, cloth bags, garment bags, flight bags, kit bags, wheeled bags, canvas bags, courier bags, record bags, shoulder bags, boot bags, toiletry bags, cosmetic bags, school bags, leather bags, evening bags, beach bags, duffel bags, gym bags, clutch bags; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of clothing, footwear, headgear; organizing exhibitions for the promotion of music and the arts; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of Cosmetics, make up, skin care preparations, powder compacts, lipsticks, lip gloss, lip serum, lip treatment, lip balm, make-up powder and foundation, moisturisers, beauty care preparations, body care preparations, essential oils for personal use, cleansing oil, cleansing balm, preparations and products for removing make-up, facial mists, lotions, creams and conditioners for the face, hands and body, beauty masks; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of hair masks, abrasive cloth, abrasive paper, abrasives, cosmetic exfoliates, exfoliating seeds, exfoliating soap, body scrub, hand scrub, facial scrub, facial cleanser, lip exfoliator, adhesives for affixing false hair, adhesives for cosmetic purposes, after-shave lotions, after-shave balms, almond milk for cosmetic purposes; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of almond oil, almond soap, aloe vera preparations for cosmetic purposes, alum stones [astringents], amber [perfume], antiperspirant soap, antiperspirants [toiletries], aromatics [essential oils], astringents for cosmetic purposes, balms other than for medical purposes; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of bath salts, not for medical purposes, baths (cosmetic preparations for -), bubble bath preparations, body creams, body butters, body lotions, beard dyes, bergamot oil, bleaching preparations [decolorants] for cosmetic purposes, breath freshening sprays, breath freshening strips, cakes of toilet soap; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of cedarwood (essential oils of -), citron (essential oils of -), cleansing milk for toilet purposes, cleansing foam, shower milk, shower gel, shower oil, drops (to be inserted into skincare products), colorants for toilet purposes, color-removing preparations, colour-brightening chemicals for household purposes [laundry], cosmetic kits, cosmetic preparations for slimming purposes; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of cosmetics for animals, cotton sticks for cosmetic purposes, cotton wool for cosmetic purposes, creams (cosmetic -), creams (skin whitening -), dental bleaching gels, deodorant soap, deodorants for human beings or for animals; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of depilatories, depilatory preparations, douching preparations for personal sanitary or deodorant purposes [toiletries], dry shampoos, dyes (cosmetic -), eau de cologne, eau de perfume, perfume gel stick, emery, essences (ethereal -), essential oils, scented linen spray, scented lava rocks for air fragrancing, lava rocks with oil for air fragrancing; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of eyelashes (cosmetic preparations for -), eyelashes (false -), false eyelashes, false hair (adhesives for affixing -), false nails, ethereal essences, ethereal oils, extracts of flowers [perfumes], eyebrow cosmetics, eyebrow pencils, eyelashes (adhesives for affixing false -); retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of flower perfumes (bases for -), flowers (extracts of -) [perfumes], foot perspiration (soap for -), gels (dental bleaching -), greases for cosmetic purposes, hair colorants, hair dyes, hair lotions, hair spray, hair waving preparations, hydrogen peroxide for cosmetic purposes, incense, ionone [perfumery], jasmine oil; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of javelle water, jelly (petroleum -) for cosmetic purposes, joss sticks, air fragrance reed diffusers, kits (cosmetic -), lavender oil, lavender water, lemon (essential oils of -), lotions for cosmetic purposes, lotions (tissues impregnated with cosmetic -), make-up preparations, make-up removing preparations, mascara, massage gels other than for medical purposes, milk (cleansing -) for toilet purposes; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of mint essence [essential oil], mint for perfumery, musk [perfumery], moustache wax; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of nail art stickers, nail care preparations, nail polish, nail varnish, nails (false -), neutralizers for permanent waving, oils for cosmetic purposes, oils for perfumes and scents, body oil, oils for toilet purposes, pencils (cosmetic -), pencils (eyebrow -), perfumery, perfumes, permanent waving (neutralizers for -), petroleum jelly for cosmetic purposes; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of polishes (denture -), pomades for cosmetic purposes, powder (make-up -), pumice stone, rose oil, shampoos, conditioners, shaving preparations, shaving soap, shaving cream, skin care (cosmetic preparations for -), skin whitening creams, slimming purposes (cosmetic preparations for -), soap, hand wash, soap (antiperspirant -), soap (cakes of -), soap (deodorant -), soap for foot perspiration, sprays (breath freshening -); retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of strips (breath freshening -), sunscreen preparations, sun-tanning preparations [cosmetics], talcum powder, for toilet use, terpenes [essential oils], tissues impregnated with cosmetic lotions, toilet water, toiletries, transfers (decorative -) for cosmetic purposes, varnish (nail -), varnish-removing preparations, waving preparations for the hair, wax (depilatory -), haircare preparations; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of Games, toys and playthings, video game apparatus, gymnastic and sporting articles, decorations for Christmas trees, apparatus for boxing, apparatus for playing skill games, apparatus for playing sports, apparatus for skiing, apparatus for use in the game of football, archery implements, artificial Christmas trees and Christmas tree stands, backgammon games, bags adapted for carrying sporting articles; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of bags especially designed for ski and surfboards, bags specially adapted for sports equipment, balloons, balls, balls being sporting articles, balls for games, balls for use in sports, balls including tennis balls, tennis rackets, squash rackets and related goods and accessories in this class; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of body-building apparatus/body-training apparatus/rehabilitation apparatus (body-), breast protectors, camouflage screens [sports articles], card games, cases adapted for carrying sporting apparatus, checkers, chess, Christmas decorations, christmas tree stands, Christmas trees of synthetic material, coin-operated gaming equipment, computer games, confetti; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of cricket bags, dart mats, darts, elbow guards (sport articles), electronic games, exercise equipment, fairground ride apparatus, fish hooks, baseball masks, batons for cheering squad, bats, bats for sport, bats for sports, board games, body protectors, body-building apparatus, body-building apparatus sporting articles for use in racquet games; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of fishing apparatus and articles, fishing tackle, fist guards [sporting articles], fitness equipment, fitness exercise machines, football gloves, football or soccer goals, game chips, games, games adapted for use with television receivers, games apparatus, games relating to skill gaming, games relating to sport, gloves for sporting purposes [specifically adapted for], goal nets; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of goal posts, golf bags, with or without wheels, golf mats, gymnastic and sporting articles and apparatus, hand exercisers, hand exercisers [other than for therapeutic use], hand held electronic games, hand protectors adapted for sporting use, handheld and portable devices for gaming, hip-guards specially made for playing sports [parts of sports suits]; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of jigsaw puzzles, kaleidoscopes, knee guards [sports articles], knee protectors adapted for use whilst playing sports, knee protectors for use when participating in sports, leg guards adapted for playing sport, shin pads [sports articles], military figurines [toys], novelties, novelties for parties, dances [party favours], paddling pools, paper party hats; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of parts and fittings for apparatus for skiing, parts and fittings for games and playthings, parts and fittings for the aforesaid goods; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of physical exercises (Machines for -), plastic tracks, play tents, playground equipment, playing cards, playthings, roller skates, sailboards, scratch cards for playing lottery; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of inflatables in the nature of soccer balls, footballs, basketballs, volleyballs, inflatable balls for sports, in-line skates, shin guards for athletic use, skateboards, surfboards, snowboards, skis, skates, skill games, skill gaming chips, skill gaming equipment, snooker balls and cues, snooker tables, soccer ball goal nets, soft toys, souvenirs, sporting articles, sporting articles for use in boxing; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of gymnastics, indoor and field athletics, and for use in playing the games of badminton, squash, hockey, ice hockey, football, lacrosse, fives, table tennis, netball, bowls, lawn tennis, cricket, croquet, clock golf, golf, quoits, discs and putting golf, water polo, bowling, volleyball; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of sports similar to hockey, sports including the use of a ball, clubs for golf and polo, sporting articles for use in playing football [other than clothing or articles for protective purposes] football or soccer goals; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of sporting articles for use in racquet games, sporting articles for wear adapted for use in specific sports; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of sporting articles including articles and accessories for the games of tennis, squash, table tennis, softball, golf, badminton, volleyball, basketball, baseball, ice hockey and hockey, sports bags; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of sports equipment and accessories, sports gloves, stationary exercise bicycles, stomach protectors [adapted for use in a specific sport], string materials for sporting racquets, sweat-absorbent bands for rackets, swimming pools [play articles], tennis nets and posts, tennis thermal bags, toy bicycles, toy glow sticks, toy miniature figurines, artificial Christmas trees and Christmas tree stands; retail services and the bringing together for the benefit of others of toy trucks, toys and games, training apparatus for use in relation to football, whistles, wrist guards for athletic use.

Telecommunication services; video broadcasting; video communication services; video transmission services; video-on-demand transmission; provision of electronic video links; transmission of sound; video and information; video; audio and television streaming services; video and multimedia broadcasting via the Internet and other communications networks; broadcast of cable television programs; broadcasting programs via a global computer network; cable radio broadcasting and transmission; cable; network and satellite television broadcasting and transmission services; music broadcasting; video broadcasting; radio telecommunications; audio broadcasting; subscription television broadcasting; rental of broadcasting equipment; broadcasting services; radio broadcasting services; data broadcasting services; satellite broadcasting services; television broadcasting services; internet broadcasting services; transmitting streamed sound and audio-visual recordings via the Internet; streaming of audio and video material on the Internet; digital and electronic transmission of voice, data, sound, images, audio and video content and messages; video-on-demand transmission services; virtual reality experiences on demand via telecommunications; providing on-line chat rooms and forums and electronic bulletin boards for transmission of messages among users concerning music and entertainment; providing wireless transmission of uploadable and downloadable ring tones, voice, music, mp3 files, graphics, games, images, videos, information and news via a global computer network to wireless mobile communication devices; sending and receiving voice and text messages between wireless communication devices; rental of radio and television broadcasting facilities; providing wireless communication services; namely; transmission of ringtones to mobile telephones and mobile devices; and providing multiple-user access to a global computer information network; information consultancy and advisory services in relation to all of the aforesaid services.

Entertainment; production and distribution of television and radio programs; production; distribution and publishing of music; fan clubs; development and dissemination of educational material in the field of music and entertainment; radio entertainment production and distribution; audio recording production; record production; videotape production; entertainment in the nature of ongoing television programs in the field of music and entertainment; entertainment namely a continuing music and entertainment show distributed over television, radio, satellite, audio, and video media; publication of books and magazines; entertainment in the nature of ongoing radio programs; entertainment in the nature of live concerts and performances by musical artists and groups; entertainment services namely personal appearances by musical groups; musical artists and celebrities; entertainment services in the nature of music rendered by musical artists through the medium of television; radio and recording; entertainment services rendered by musical artists including recording performances; educational and entertainment services; namely; production and presentation of television shows; sports events; fashion shows; game shows; music shows; award shows and comedy shows before live audiences which are all broadcast live or taped for later broadcast; entertainment services; namely; providing a web site featuring musical performances, musical videos, related film clips, photographs, and other multimedia materials; entertainment services namely providing on-line reviews of music, musical artists and music videos; entertainment services; namely providing pre-recorded music; information in the field of music and commentary and articles about music; all on-line via a global computer network; entertainment services namely live; televised and movie appearances by a professional entertainer; discotheques; operating of a discotheque; nightclubs; conducting entertainment exhibitions in the nature of music festivals; publishing of web magazines; online electronic publishing of all types of works; editing and publishing of collections of musical works, sheet music; entertainer services; music composition services; creation of works of all kinds; particularly audiovisual works; Information and consulting services relating to musical composition; especially of audiovisual works; music studios; recording studios for music; especially audiovisual works; rehearsal studios for shows and concert; organization; conducting and presentation of concerts; shows of all kinds; particularly live shows; ticket agency services (entertainment); booking seats for all types of artistic; cultural entertainment; training and information events; media libraries; disk libraries; rental of works of all kinds; particularly musical works; sound recordings and video work and audiovisual works; rental of pre-recorded media containing all kinds of data; and especially sound; music; designs; images; animated or not; illustrations; paintings; photographs; video; artistic; cultural entertainment and leisure activities; information on artistic; cultural entertainment and leisure matters; editing artistic; cultural entertainment; documentary; news programs broadcast on all types of communication network; producing and editing of entertainment; music; sound track; video programs; audiovisual programs; audio programs; multimedia programs; films; concerts; live shows; regardless of the mode of consultation; transmission or distribution; games provided online from a computer network. .

Providing a website for the electronic storage of music; software as a service (SaaS); design services; creation design and maintenance of computer software and websites; advisory and information services relating to the analysis of sound and/or images; computer software design; rental of computer software; technical services for the downloading of video games; providing a website and web based services for online management of personal computer game software; software as a service namely software for recording time in computer games and video games; software for displaying in-game data and scores; software for recording computer game and video game footage; software for taking screenshots of computer games and video games; software for computer game and video game enhancers; software as a service [SaaS]; platform as a service [PaaS]; software development in the framework of software publishing; information technology [IT] consultancy; installation of computer software; computer software consultancy; computer virus protection services; providing search engines for the internet; monitoring of computer systems by remote access; web site design consultancy; electronic data storage; cloud computing; outsource service providers in the field of information technology; computer technology consultancy; computer security consultancy; graphic arts design; industrial design; styling [industrial design]; computer-aided design of video graphics; electronic storage of digital video files; development of software for audio and video operators.